List of marine biologists
- Ali Abdelghany (born 1944), Egyptian marine biologist
- Jakob Johan Adolf Appellöf (1857–1921), Swedish marine zoologist
- Samuel Stillman Berry (1887–1984), U.S. marine zoologist
- Henry Bryant Bigelow (1879–1967), U.S. marine biologist
- Rachel Carson (1907–1964), American marine biologist and author
- Carl Chun (1852–1914), German marine biologist
- Jacques-Yves Cousteau (1910–1997), French marine biologist and explorer
- Charles Darwin (1809–1882), wrote Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs (1842) while aboard the HMS Beagle
- Paul K. Dayton (born 1941), American benthic marine ecologist noted for work in kelp forest ecology
- Anton Dohrn (1840–1909), German marine biologist
- Sylvia Earle (born 1935), American oceanographer
- Samuel H. Gruber (born 1939), American shark biologist and founder of the American Elasmobranch Society
- Ernst Haeckel (1834–1919), German physician, zoologist, marine biologist and evolutionist
- Hans Hass (born 1919), Austrian marine biologist and diving pioneer
- Gotthilf Hempel (born 1929), German marine biologist
- Johan Hjort (1869–1948), Norwegian marine zoologist and one of the founders of ICES
- Bruno Hofer (1861–1916), German fisheries scientist
- Emperor Showa of Japan (1901–1989), jellyfish taxonomist
- Martin W. Johnson (1893–1984) American marine biologist and biological oceanographer
- Uwe Kils (born 1951), German marine biologist
- Eugene N. Kozloff (born 1920), U.S. marine biologist
- August David Krohn (1803–1891), Russian/German zoologist
- William Elford Leach (1790–1836), English zoologist and marine biologist
- Nicholai Miklukho-Maklai (1846–1888), Russian marine biologist and anthropologist
- Sir John Murray (1841–1914), Scots-Canadian marine biologist
- Nikola Tesla (1856–1943), marine biologist and part-time inventor
- Ed Ricketts (1897–1948), American marine biologist noted for a pioneering study of intertidal ecology
- Harald Rosenthal (born 1937), German hydrobiologist known for his work in fish farming and ecology
- Michael Sars (1809–1869), Norwegian theologian and biologist
- Georg Ossian Sars (1837–1927), Norwegian marine biologist
- Gunnar Thorson (1906–1971), Danish marine biologist
- Ruth Turner (1915–2000), marine biologist
- Charles Wyville Thompson (1832–1882), Scottish marine biologist
- Takasi Tokioka (1913–2001), Japanese marine biologist known for his work on soft bodied zooplankton